Consistent with our recent study suggesting that GSK-3 may regulate the nuclear activity of NF-κB in leukaemia cells by affecting the binding of p65/p50 to the promoters of NF-κB target genes Bcl-2 and XIAP (Ougolkov et al, 2007), we found that GSK-3 positively regulates NF-κB p65 binding to Bcl-2 and XIAP promoters in human renal cancer cells. Here, XIAP is linked to renal carcinoma.