TGFB1 and keloid: As a chronic inflammatory and fibro-proliferative disease (Figure S1A), keloids exhibit distinctive histological features including a high density of mesenchymal cells, an abundant ECM stroma characterized of whorls of irregularly oriented and thickened hyalinized collagen bundles that are classically described as keloidal collagen [4], a local infiltration of inflammatory cells including mast cells and lymphocytes, and a milieu of enriched cytokines, especially transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and IL-6 [5], [6].