STAT3 and glioblastoma: In all GBM patients (N = 33; n = 66), whether their disease was newly diagnosed (denoted by the cross symbol) or recurrent (denoted by the triangles), the mean number of PBMCs displaying p-STAT-3 was elevated to 11.8 ± 13.5%, which was significantly higher than that in healthy donors (P = 0.03) (Fig. 2).