Because of the referral pattern of patients to M. D. Anderson, insufficient sample numbers were obtained from patients with low-grade gliomas (denoted by stars), precluding a sufficiently powered conclusion; however, the low-grade glioma samples that were analyzed and also drawn during general anesthesia did not express p-STAT-3 levels above levels expressed in samples from healthy donors. Here, STAT3 is linked to central nervous system cancer.