PPARG and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In the present study, we used synthetic PPARγ ligands from the thiazolidinediones (TZD) class of drugs that are used widely for treating type 2 diabetes because they enhance insulin sensitivity [48] and the endogenous PPARγ ligand cyclopentenone prostaglandin15-deoxy-D12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) [49].