Immunogenic surface proteins of several organisms have been identified, including S. aureus using 2D-PAGE, membrane blotting, and MS [39]; S. agalactiae, S. pyogenes, and Streptococcus pneumoniae using phage- or E. coli-based comprehensive genomic peptide expression libraries [38],[40]; and Francisella tularensis (the causative agent of tularemia or rabbit fever) [41] and V. cholerae using protein microarray chips [42]. This evidence concerns the gene ERVW-1 and tularemia.