EGFR and breast carcinoma: We illustrate the utility of MAP for addressing biological questions by: i) testing the hypothesis that the common 15 and 18 bp microdeletions in the EGFR gene in non-small cell lung cancers derive from pre-neoplastic mutations selected during lung development [10] and ii) monitoring of therapy and early recurrence by detecting personalized cancer mutation signatures in the blood of women with stage II and III breast cancers.