Thus, it has been shown that the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis is associated to metastasis of several types of cancer including cancer of the pancreas, breast, lung, kidney, and prostate and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, neuroblastoma, melanoma, ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma and malignant brain tumors. Here, CXCR4 is linked to cancer.