NLRP3 (previously known as CIAS1) is part of the CATERPILLER (CARD (caspase recruitment domain), Transcription Enhancer, R (purine)-binding, Pyrin, Lots of Leucine Repeats) [10] gene family and mutations in some of these genes have been shown to result in severe auto-inflammatory diseases (AIDs) [11]. Here, NLRP3 is linked to AIDS.