Strikingly, the Chordin-like 1 levels were considerably higher in non-tumor forming clones (CMT-U353 clone 3) and in a clone that formed tumors without bone (CMT-U353 B clone 6) than in bone-forming clones (CMT-U353 B clones 2 and 7), (see Table 1). Here, CHRDL1 is linked to neoplasm.