The UCP3 promoter variant rs1800849, which is located in the same haploblock and is in LD with rs3781907, has been previously shown to be associated with an increased [47] or decreased [28] risk of T2DM, increased skeletal muscle UCP3 mRNA expression [25], higher total, LDL- [28] and HDL-cholesterol concentrations [32], higher [29] or lower BMI [30-32], higher WHR [27,43] and higher fat mass and lean mass [48]. The gene discussed is UCP3; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.