Consistent with the findings from FOXG1 on human medulloblastoma and glioblastoma (Rodriguez et al, 2001; Seoane et al, 2004; Adesina et al, 2007b), FOXG1 could reduce TGF-β-mediated p21WAF1/CIP1 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Here, TGFB1 is linked to glioblastoma.