VHL and neoplasm: Although some studies have shown a positive relationship between genetic and epigenetic VHL gene alterations and VEGF tumour overexpression (Igarashi et al, 2002; Na et al, 2003), literature results are conflicting especially regarding the association between VHL mutation, usual prognostic parameters and survival (van Houwelingen et al, 2005; Schraml et al, 2002; Yao et al, 2002).