2A), immunohistochemistry (Figure. 2B) and Q-PCR (Figure. 2C). The fold ratio difference across sample types shown in Figure 2C is small, and under 0.5 for both beta-actin and HSP60, which is in agreement with geNorm, and may well have no biological importance. No significant difference in their abundance and localizations were found among various samples. More importantly, expression of these reference markers was not associated with any of the clinicopathological parameters in the HCC tumour tissues (Table 2) and non-tumourous liver tissues (Table 3). This evidence concerns the gene HSPD1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.