When the cancers were stratified according to ETS-gene status, in multivariate analyses the presence of Hsp-27 cytoplasmic positivity failed to reach significance for prostate cancer survival in both non-rearranged ETS (Δχ2(1df)=2.35, P=0.12) and rearranged ETS status (Δχ2(1df)=0.68, P=0.40) groups. This evidence concerns the gene HSPB1 and prostate cancer.