In addition, disturbed balance between Th1 and Th2 cytokines and overproduced pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) enhance systemic inflammatory stress and exacerbate diabetes associated cardiac dysfunctions [6,7]. Here, TNF is linked to diabetes mellitus.