PON1 and atherosclerosis: The significance of PON1 to cardiovascular health and sensitivity to organophosphate insecticides has been addressed experimentally through the use of PON1 knockout mice, which were more susceptible to atherosclerosis, had HDL and LDL particles that were more susceptible to in vitro oxidation, and had HDL particles that were inefficient for hydrolysis of oxidized LDL particles in vitro (Shih et al. 1998).