ATXN2L and peripheral nerve injury: Indeed, upregulation of the α2δ subunit, is not the only determinant of the selective antinociceptive effects of gabapentinoids as the converse has also been shown, i.e. reversal of allodynic behaviour with gabapentin occurs in the absence of α2δ-1 subunit upregulation [40] and behavioural hyperalgesia can be observed as early as 1 day after peripheral nerve injury [65], whilst α2δ-1 upregulation is only evident after 7 days [37].