Indeed, proteasome inhibition appears as a potential treatment in stroke by reducing neuronal and astro-cytic degeneration, cortical infarct volume, infarct neutrophil infiltration and NF-kB immunoreactivity with an extension of the neuroprotective effect at least 6 h after ischemic insult (see Wojcik and Di Napoli, 2004). Here, NFKB1 is linked to stroke disorder.