EGFR and urinary bladder cancer: Several investigators have shown a positive correlation between overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) [as detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC)] and high grade, high stage bladder cancer, which suggests that EGFR expression is an independent prognostic factor that indicates advanced bladder cancer (Neal et al. 1985; Messing, 1990; Nguyen et al. 1994; Lipponen and Eskelinen, 1994).