A more recent topic-related study revealed that increased pretreatment serum macrophage colony-stimulating factor level is a significant independent predictor of poor survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, where CEA levels were shown but couldn’t prove to be an independent prognostic factor as macrophage colony-stimulating factor did (Kaminska et al. 2006). This evidence concerns the gene CEACAM5 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.