IL4 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: As shown in Figure S3, for both these effector T-cell subsets, after 12 hours of αCD3 and αCD28 stimulation, production of some important cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IFNγ and TNFα) was reduced in T1D subjects compared to control subjects, with the maximum difference in levels of IL-2 secretion (p<0.05 for IL-2, CD4+CD25−).