In a phase II study of 229 NSCLC patients with advanced-stage NSCLC treated with cetuximab plus chemotherapy, 76 patient tumors were evaluated for EGFR gene amplification by FISH and disease controls rate (complete response/partial response and stable disease) was found to be significantly higher in patients with FISH-positive tumors compared to FISH-negative tumors (81% versus 55%, P = .02). The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.