Rilonacept, a soluble receptor-Fc fusion protein, engages and inhibits both IL1α and IL1β and has demonstrated rapid and durable effects in a phase 3 study of patients with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, a spectrum of autoinflammatory disorders arising from NLRP3 mutations encoding an aberrant cryopyrin protein and dysregulating the inflammasome.10 The proof-of-concept study reported here explored the potential utility of rilonacept in patients with chronic, inflamed joints in whom standard gout treatments were either contraindicated or failed to alleviate pain and inflammation. The gene discussed is IL1A; the disease is gout.