Introduction of HER2 into human MCF-10A breast cancer cells, a non-tumorigenic epithelial cell line, induced MMP-9 up-regulation via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 kinase) and Akt signaling pathways that further enhanced the invasive and migratory capacities of MCF-10A cells [14]. Here, MMP9 is linked to breast carcinoma.