Studies of malaria naïve primates vaccinated with the penultimate and ultimate C-terminal 42 kDa and 19 kDa processed fragments of P. falciparum MSP-1 have shown that induction of immunity to this single merozoite ligand can mediate protection against blood stage infection manifest as reduced or absent parasitaemia and reduced severity of anaemia [5,6,8,10]. Here, ATAD1 is linked to anemia (phenotype).