VEGFA and renal carcinoma: Kawai et al. (n = 213 cases) [47] observed a weak association between three VEGF promoter polymorphisms (rs1570360, rs2010963, rs699947) and renal cancer progression and prognosis; and Abe et al. (n = 145 cases) [48] observed a nonsignificant association between three VEGF 3′UTR polymorphisms (C702T −dbSNP identifier number is unknown, rs3025039, rs10434) and renal cancer risk in Japanese populations.