These results are in line with findings of the Marsh group, who reported that knockdown of CD63 in macrophages did not alter the efficiency of viral release, regardless of whether the knockdown was done prior to or before infection [30], though another recent study reported that CD63 knockdown after HIV-1 infection of macrophages reduced the amount of virus released from these cells [28]. This evidence concerns the gene CD63 and HIV-1 infection.