Thus, both α5 integrin levels (in 786-O) and lack of ZO-1 regulation by VHL parallel the relative risk of RCC associated with the VHL disease subtypes of specific mutations: higher risk in types 1 and 2B, low risk in type 2A and no risk in type 2C (reviewed in [2]). This evidence concerns the gene TJP1 and renal cell carcinoma.