One of the main immunological features of the active form of visceral [9],[10],[11] and nonhealing cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) [12] is a pronounced immunosuppression, as shown by the inability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to proliferate and produce IFN-γ in response to antigenic challenge. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and cutaneous leishmaniasis.