It has been demonstrated that both human thyroid carcinoma-derived cell lines and most thyroid carcinomas (PTC, FTC and ATC) overexpress uPA, uPAR and PAI-1 (Ito et al. 1996; Packman et al. 1996; Zanetti et al. 1998; Smith et al. 1999; Kim et al. 2002; Chu et al. 2004; Ulisse et al. 2006). The gene discussed is PLAUR; the disease is thyroid gland carcinoma.