Exosomal fetuin A, an acute phase protein involved in various inflammatory states, was very recently identified using urinary proteomics techniques from a rat models of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and ischemic-reperfusion injury as a potential marker of AKI in these settings.49 Urinary exosomal fetuin A was then also shown in the same study to be elevated in 3 ICU patients with AKI compared to the patients without AKI. Here, AHSG is linked to acute kidney injury.