In an interesting study, Herget-Rosenthal evaluated the usefulness of tubular proteinuria and enzymuria for predicting the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) in 73 patients who developed non-oliguric ARF due to ATN, of whom 26 required RRT.32 All patients with established non-oliguric ARF fulfilling ATN criteria were included in the study and had their urine collected on the day of inclusion for levels of α-1 and β-2 microglobulins, cystatin C, retinol-binding protein, α-GST, GGT, LDH, and NAG. The gene discussed is CST3; the disease is acute kidney injury.