MAPT and frontotemporal dementia: In addition to tau protein and Aβ peptides, recent studies indicate that levels of certain phosphorylated forms of tau increase significantly in CSF of AD patients (Ewers et al. 2007; Brys et al. 2007; Kohnken et al. 2000; Arai et al. 2000; Vanmechelen et al. 2000; Hampel, 2003), but not in vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia (Sjögren et al. 2000), Lewy body dementia, (Parnetti et al. 2001) or geriatric major depression (Buerger et al. 2003).