In conclusion, although the HIV-1 reactivation levels in response to the different treatments varied importantly from one patient to the other, the clinically used HDACIs (VPA or SAHA) alone or the non-tumor-promoting phorbol ester prostratin alone induced HIV-1 outgrowth in CD8+-depleted PBMC cultures in the absence of added IL-2 or of allogenic stimulation. This evidence concerns the gene IL2 and neoplasm.