CD4 and ancylostomiasis: Among HIV-positive mothers, those with a lower CD4 were less likely than those with a higher CD4 count to have hookworm infection: hookworm prevalence ranged from 10% among women with a CD4 below 100 to 46% among women with a CD4 of 500 or above, similar to the prevalence of 45% among women without HIV; the odds ratio for hookworm infection per 100 cells/μl increase in CD4 count, (adjusted for age, education, tribe, place of birth, household socioeconomic status (SES), zone of residence and date enrolled) was 1.16 (95% confidence interval 1.02–1.32).