SP1 and central nervous system cancer: On the other hand, betulinic acid has been demonstrated to promote degradation of the transcription factors Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 on prostate cancer cells [50], while on melanoma cells it elicits a transient activation of the EGFR/ERK/AKT pathway [51] or promotes sequential effects on ROS accumulation and caspases activation on glioma cells [52].