BIRC3 and breast carcinoma: BIRC3 is highly expressed in cisplatin-resistant prostate cancer cell lines [32], and in doxorubicine- and busulfan-resistant leukaemia cell lines [33], [34] while TNFAIP3 is overexpressed in tamoxifen-resistant breast carcinoma cell lines [35] and part of a signature for resistance to alkylating agents in glioblastoma cells [36].