TLR4 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Consistent with previous studies that components of the LPS/CD14/TLR4 signaling cascade is required for metabolic inflammation and development of obesity [14], [15], we observed that, compared with WT mice, Myd88-deficient mice gained significantly less weight on the high-fat Western diet and possessed significantly lower epididymal fat pad and liver masses relative to total body weight (C. S. R. and F. B., unpublished data).