Finally, the lack of association between COX-2, NF-κB-p65 or IKKα in stromal cells with the clinical severity of colorectal cancer as determined by the Duke's stage, suggests that COX-2, NF-κB-p65 and IKKα expression are possibly early post-initiation events, that could be involved in tumour progression. Here, CHUK is linked to colorectal cancer.