Twenty-five genes were confirmed in multiple independent studies using the same approach; eleven of them in association studies for milk traits (ABCG2, BoLA-DRB3, CSN1S1, CSN3, DGAT1, GHR, LEP, LGB, LTF, PRL, and STAT5A), three in association studies for mastitis traits (BoLA-DRB3, IL8RA and TLR4) and 11 in mastitis expression experiments (C5AR1, CD14, IFNG, IL1B: IL6, IL8, LBP, SAA3, TLR2, TLR4 and TNF). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is mastitis.