After viral infection, pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), RIG-I-like helicases (RLHs), and cytosolic DNA sensor proteins, recognize viral PAMPs and then activate various transcription factors, including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and interferon (IFN) regulatory factors (IRFs), to induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines and type I IFNs (IFNα and IFNβ), respectively. The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is viral infectious disease.