In the present study, we found similar result that COX-2 -1195AA homozygous, which had higher COX-2 mRNA level, was related to increased risk of ESCC (AOR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1 – 3.9) compared with non-AA genotype subjects in multivariate logistic regression analysis. This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.