PPARA and heart failure: The expression level of various heart failure mark genes [20], e.g., myosin heavy chain (αMHC), sarcoplasmic or endoplasmic reticulum calcium adenosine triphosphatase 2 (SERCA2), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and relevant transcription factors, e.g., nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF1) [21], peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) [22], peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARα) [22], estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) [21], were monitored using semiquantitative real time PCR.