Comparison with healthy control revealed, however, that preoperative values of TP+ and CD3+P+ cells in patients elected for OC were significantly higher than normal values (30.78% and 16.05% versus 27.3% and 10,68%, resp.; P < .05) (Figure 3(a)), as well as that all patients elected for operations had, preoperatively, lower fractions of perforin positive NK cells (Figure 3(b)), since in OC group CD16+P+ cell fraction fell from 20.16% to 14.14% (P < .05) and CD56+P+ cells from 20.74% to 13.63% (P < .05) and in LC group to 10.71% (P < .05) and to 11.64% (P < .001), respectively. This evidence concerns the gene NCAM1 and laryngotracheoesophageal cleft.