However, with further data available for K-ras (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue) mutation in this study (Amado et al, 2008), the licensed indication for panitumumab within EU is treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma after failure of fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan-containing chemotherapy regimens whose tumours contain non-mutated (wild-type) K-ras. The gene discussed is KRAS; the disease is neoplasm.