Examples of the resistance-related genes preferentially expressed in American chestnut (based on the difference in reads per unigene) include genes encoding proteins such as SNF7, laccase, CCR, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), expansin, F-box proteins, FAD-binding protein, proteins named disease-resistance-responsive, etc. Most of those genes play an important role in plant response to pathogen infection. The gene discussed is CAD; the disease is infection.