The following is a summary of the disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) taken by the 19 RA patients in this study: methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy (n = 8), hydroxychlorochloroquine monotherapy (n = 2), TNF antagonist monotherapy (n = 3), MTX + other non-biologic DMARD (n = 4), and MTX + TNF antagonist (n = 2). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.