CDKN2A and dysplasia: It has been reported that methylation of p16 may play a role in the malignant transformation of gastric precursor lesions; p16 methylation was present in 7% IM, in 18% adenomas unassociated with carcinoma, in 29% of adenomas/dysplasias associated with adenocarcinoma and, finally, in 44% adenocarcinomas [103].