MMP9 and cholangiocarcinoma: There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of MMP-9 between the control (mean ± SD; 16.5 ± 9.30 ng/ml) and cholangiocarcinoma patients (mean ± SD; 18.9 ± 8.55 ng/ml), (Student's t-test; p = 0.251, 95% CI -1.74–6.55).