In contrast, the serum MMP-7 values in the cholangiocarcinoma patients (mean ± SD; 8.9 ± 3.43 ng/ml) were significantly higher than those in the control patients (mean ± SD; 5.9 ± 3.03 ng/ml), (Student's t-test; p < 0.001, 95% CI 1.34–4.47). Here, MMP7 is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.