Although overexpression of c-IAP1, c-IAP2 in renal cell carcinoma and in hepatoma cell line expressing hepatitis B virus has been reported [26,27], and Apollon upregulation was associated to chemoresistance in vitro and with unfavorable clinical features at diagnosis [28,29], our results showed that the gene expression levels of these IAP members were similar in HCC and liver parenchyma. This evidence concerns the gene BIRC2 and hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.