BRCA1 and breast carcinoma: Examples include genes encoding: RB in retinoblastoma [1]; VHL in renal carcinoma [2]; p15 in gliomas and leukemias [3]; BRCA1 in breast cancer [4]; E-cadherin in hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, and prostate cancer [5]; GSTP1 in prostate, breast, and renal cancer [6]; and p16INK4a in virtually all human cancers studied including colorectal carcinoma (CRC) [7].